A Fingertip Identification

The fingerprint identification technique is also termed as “Dactyloscopy” or “Handprint Identification”.A fingerprint in its narrow sense is an impression left by the “friction ridges” of the human digits (hand and foot). However in a wider sense fingerprints can be the impression of the friction ridges of any part of the human hand or human foot.A friction ridge is basically the raised portion of the epidermis layer of the skin. This epidermis layer is much more ‘groovy’ or developed at those parts of the human body that is meant for holding or for gripping, viz. hands and feet. These ridges or grooves are stimulated by the human nervous system. They are caused by the underlying interface between the dermal papillae of the dermis and the inter-papillary pegs of the epidermis.

Since the epidermal layer of the skin is made from the epidermal cells of the body, so obviously, the epidermal ridges of an individual is unique and varies from person to person. These varying epidermal ridges or the grooves are the major tool that distinguishes an individual from another person in the field of fingerprint identification technique.

The impressions of fingerprint are the traditional samples used for going into the fingerprint analysis. These impressions are left behind on objects due friction between the epidermal grooves and the surface of the object. The availability of the fingerprints is well questioned in many cases because they are not present in many cases. However, the technique involves very complex programming of matching the images of two fingerprints. There have been several cases when the fingerprints went missing (say for bomb blast). Besides due continuous use of the sensing plates, they get corroded and may give faulty results. This technique is also cost effective.

Compared to that, the idea of using simple light deflection and measuring the values is much simpler and reduces the complexity of the programming portion and the circuit. They can be used for a long time because the sensor module is resistant to corrosion and heating effects. Also the cost of implementation of the project is low and simple too.

 How our model works:

Step 1:  Data collection (data is collected for any number of people and is stored in the memory of the computer)

The values are obtained just by measuring the voltages at the sensors and amplifying them to bring them into a reasonable range. Then they are converted into digital signal so that they can be stored in the computer. This is the reason for our circuit being so versatile and an infinite user one. It can store any number of data taken from all the human beings of the earth. All the data obtained are distinct because they are related to fingerprint.

           

            Step 2: While matching

       When we want to find a particular person, the 1^st step is followed again to obtain the         values. Now this value (which is obviously unchanged for a particular person) is searched from the computer database and we can find the details then.

The programming is very simple and the database can store a huge number of data. The cost is also low compared to the traditional technology of matching fingerprint images.